Archive for June, 2010

Problem:
Let’s Say you want to reinstall your system since it is corrupted, but you forgot your Windows 7 product key. Have you been worried that your Windows 7 product key has been lost? Have you been worried that you will have to purchase another product key?

Solution:
Spotmau BootSuite 2011 is the solution for you. One of Spotmau’s BootSuite 2011 highly recommended functions — Password Kit — can help you.

MS Key Finder in “Password Kit” is an effective and powerful recovery tool. It checks a system for all possible MS product keys, and shows you the product keys immediately with the option to select which one you want to recover. With it, you will be able to find out almost all hidden MS product keys including all Windows product keys, Microsoft Office product keys, etc.

Procedure of finding back Microsoft products key:

1. Double click Spotmau icon and enter BOOT SUITE 2011 interface, follow these steps: Self Service —> PowerSuite 2010 Wincare–>Password Kit –> MS Key Finder, then you can see the interface looked just like the following picture.

2. Afterward, you can either write down the Microsoft products key you need (if so, to put them in a safe place is suggested.)

3. Or you can export them as a .txt file by clicking“Export”.A “Save to file” dialog will pop up, and you can specify the destination for the file or rename it.

4. Click”Save”, MS Key Finder will finish its task for you. And the whole process is finished.

NOTES:
With the same procedures you can find out your lost product keys of Microsoft Office(2003/2007) and Windows XP (all versions), Windows 2000 (all versions), Windows 2003 (all versions) ,Windows Me, Windows NT, Windows Vista and Windows 7.

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Traditionally, a network firewall is a routed hop that acts as a default gateway for hosts that connect to one of its screened subnets. A transparent firewall (or Layer 2 firewall), on the other hand, acts like a “stealth firewall” and is not seen as a Layer 3 hop to connected devices. The appliance connects the same Layer 3 network subnet on its inside and outside ports, but each interface of the firewall resides in a different Layer 2 Vlan. The Cisco ASA firewall can operate both in Routed Firewall Mode (default mode) or in Transparent Firewall Mode.

Routed Firewall Mode:

See the diagram below for a common network topology of a Cisco ASA firewall working in Routed Mode.

As you can see, there are two different network subnets. Inside network (10.20.20.0/24) and Outside Network (10.10.10.0/24). There must be also two different layer2 vlans (Vlan20 for inside network and Vlan10 for outside network). All hosts residing in internal network must belong to subnet 10.20.20.0 and must have default gateway the internal IP of the ASA (10.20.20.1).

Transparent Firewall Mode:

The diagram below shows an example topology using a Cisco ASA in Layer 2 transparent mode.

As you can see, there is only one Layer 3 network (10.10.10.0/24) BUT there MUST be two different Layer 2 Vlans (Vlan20 for inside zone and Vlan10 for outside zone). All hosts must reside in network range 10.10.10.0 and the devices must have as default gateway the IP address of the outside router (10.10.10.2). Also, a management IP address MUST be configured on the ASA firewall (again within the range of 10.10.10.0). DO NOT specify the management IP address of the ASA as the default gateway for connected devices.

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Characteristics of Transparent Mode

• Transparent firewall mode supports only two interfaces (inside and outside)
• The firewall bridges packets from one VLAN to the other instead of routing them.
• MAC lookups are performed instead of routing table lookups.
• Can run in single firewall context or in multiple firewall contexts.
• A management IP address is required on the ASA.
• The management IP address must be in the same subnet as the connected network.
• Each interface of the ASA must be a different VLAN interface.
• Even though the appliance acts as a Layer 2 bridge, Layer 3 traffic cannot pass through the security appliance from a lower security level to a higher security level interface.
• The firewall can allow any traffic through by using normal extended Access Control Lists (ACL).

Initial Configuration

Asa(config)# firewall transparent

!Configure management IP below
Asa(config)# ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0

Asa(config)# interface Ethernet0/0
Asa(config-if)# nameif outside
Asa(config-if)# security-level 0
!
Asa(config)# interface Ethernet0/1
Asa(config-if)# nameif inside
Asa(config-if)# security-level 100

The Cisco ASA 5500 is the new Cisco firewall model series which followed the successful Cisco PIX firewall appliance. Cisco calls the ASA 5500 a “security appliance” instead of just a “hardware firewall”, because the ASA is not just a firewall. This device combines several security functionalities, such as Intrusion Detection, Intrusion Prevention, Content Inspection, Botnet Inspection, in addition to the firewall functionality.

However, the core ASA functionality is to work as a high performance firewall. All the other security features are just complimentary services on top of the firewall functionality. Having said that, the purpose of a network firewall is to protect computer and IT resources from malicious sources by blocking and controlling traffic flow. The Cisco ASA firewall achieves this traffic control using Access Control Lists (ACL).

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An ACL is a list of rules with permit or deny statements. Basically an Access Control List enforces the security policy on the network. The ACL (list of policy rules) is then applied to a firewall interface, either on the inbound or on the outbound traffic direction. If the ACL is applied on the inbound traffic direction (in), then the ACL is applied to traffic entering a firewall interface. The opposite happens for ACL applied to the outbound (out) direction.

The ACL permit or deny statements basically consist of source and destination IP addresses and ports. A permit ACL statement allows the specified source IP address/network to access the specified destination IP address/network. The opposite happens for deny ACL statements. At the end of the ACL, the firewall inserts by default an implicit DENY ALL statement rule which is not visible in the configuration.

Enough theory so far. Let us see some examples below to clarify what we have said above.

The basic command format of the Access Control List is the following:

ciscoasa(config)# access-list “access_list_name” extended {deny | permit} protocol “source_address” “mask” [source_port] “dest_address” “mask” [ dest_port]

To apply the ACL on a specific interface use the access-group command as below:

ciscoasa(config)# access-group “access_list_name” [in|out] interface “interface_name”

Example1:

Allow only http traffic from inside network 10.0.0.0/24 to outside internet

ciscoasa(config)# access-list HTTP-ONLY extended permit tcp 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 any eq 80

ciscoasa(config)# access-group HTTP-ONLY in interface inside

The name “HTTP-ONLY” is the Access Control List itself, which in our example contains only one permit rule statement. Remember that there is an implicit DENY ALL rule at the end of the ACL which is not shown by default.

Example2:

Deny telnet traffic from host 10.1.1.1 to host 10.2.2.2 and allow everything else.


ciscoasa(config)# access-list DENY-TELNET extended deny tcp host 10.1.1.1 host 10.2.2.2 eq 23

ciscoasa(config)# access-list DENY-TELNET extended permit ip host 10.1.1.1 host 10.2.2.2

ciscoasa(config)# access-group DENY-TELNET in interface inside

The above example ACL (DENY-TELNET) contains two rule statements, one deny and one permit. As we mentioned above, the “access-group” command applies the ACL to an interface (either to an inbound or to an outbound direction).

Example3:

The example below will deny ALL TCP traffic from our internal network 192.168.1.0/24 towards the external network 200.1.1.0/24. Also, it will deny HTTP traffic (port 80) from our internal network to the external host 210.1.1.1. All other traffic will be permitted from inside.


ciscoasa(config)# access-list INSIDE_IN extended deny tcp 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.1.0 255.255.255.0

ciscoasa(config)# access-list INSIDE_IN extended deny tcp 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 host 210.1.1.1 eq 80

ciscoasa(config)# access-list INSIDE_IN extended permit ip any any

ciscoasa(config)# access-group INSIDE_IN in interface inside